Family of Prophet Peace Be Upon Him
This is course will be about Family of Prophet Peace Be Upon Him
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Ancestors of Prophet ﷺ
The Noble Lineage of the Holy Prophet ﷺ
مُحَمَّد بن عبد الله بن عبد المطلب بن هاشم بن عبد مناف بن قُصي بن كلاب بن مرة بن كعب بن لؤي بن غالب بن فهر ابن مالك بن النضر بن كنانة بن خزيمة بن مدركة بن إلياس بن مضر بن نزار بن معد بن عدنان۔ (صحیح بخاری، کتاب المناقب ، باب مبعث النبی صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم )
A brief introduction to each individual in the lineage of the Prophet ﷺ
The Beloved Prophet ﷺ himself narrated his noble lineage up to Sayyiduna Adnan رضي الله عنه. In this phase of our course, we will learn about the lives of those from Sayyiduna Adnan رضي الله عنه to Sayyiduna Abdul Muttalib رضي الله عنه. It is important to remember that all the ancestors (grandfathers) of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, from his honorable father Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه to Sayyiduna Adam عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ, were monotheists (believers in one God). No polytheism or belief in multiple gods has been proven for any of them.
Sayyiduna Adnan رضي الله عنه
Nebuchadnezzar (Bakht Nasar) was a powerful king who established a vast empire. When he intended to invade Arabia, the Prophet of that time, Sayyiduna Irmiya عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ conveyed a message to Nebuchadnezzar, saying, 'You may attack any tribe of Arabia that you wish, but do not harm a man named Adnan. You are not permitted to do so.' When Nebuchadnezzar invaded Arabia, he found and captured the 21st great-grandfather of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, Adnan, but did not harm him. Instead, he took him as a captive. In this way, Allah protected Sayyiduna Adnan رضي الله عنه.
Sayyiduna Mu'id رضي الله عنه
Sayyiduna Adnan had two sons: Mu'id and 'Ukk. 'Ukk migrated to Yemen and became a ruler there. As for Mu'id, who remained in Arabia, when Nebuchadnezzar (Bakht Nasar) attacked Arabia again, the tribe of Bani Adnan bravely resisted. At that time, a revelation came to the Prophet of that time, Sayyiduna John عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ saying, 'Bring Mu'id bin Adnan from his tribe.' So, Sayyiduna John عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ took Hazrat Mu'id with him to Harran. Hazrat Mu'id was 12 years old at that time. Sayyiduna John عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ raised him with great love and care. When Nebuchadnezzar (Bakht Nasar) died, Hazrat Mu'id bin Adnan returned to Makkah with Bani Israel and lived with his ancestors. Here, he married and had a son named Nizar.
Sayyiduna Nizar رضي الله عنه
The meaning of Nizar is 'little' or 'small'. When his father, Hazrat Mu'id رضي الله عنه, saw the light of Muhammad ﷺ shining on his forehead at the time of his birth, he was overjoyed. In his happiness, he fed the poor and after feeding them, he said, 'All this is little compared to the joy of this child.' Therefore, he was named Nizar.
Sayyiduna Mudhar رضي الله عنه
Mudhar's original name was Amru. Abu Ilyas was his kunyah, and Mudhar was his laqab (nickname). The meaning of Mudhar is 'sour,' and because he enjoyed sour things, he came to be known as Mudhar. He was a very wise and knowledgeable man, and he had a very pleasant voice.
Sayyiduna Ilyas رضي الله عنه
Ilyas was the first person to send camels as a sacrifice to the Ka’bah. It is also narrated that during Hajj, he would hear the Talbiyah of the Sayyiduna Muhammad ﷺ from his back.
Sayyiduna Mudrikah رضي الله عنه
Ilyas رضي الله عنه had a son named Mudrikah. His original name is also mentioned as Amir or Amru. One reason given for calling him Mudrikah is that he attained great honor, respect, and high status among the Arabs. The word 'Mudrikah' means 'one who has attained' or 'one who has acquired'. Therefore, he was called Mudrikah, signifying his attainment of honor and respect.
Sayyiduna Khazimah رضي الله عنه
Hazrat Khazimah رضي الله عنه is the fifteenth ancestor of the Holy Prophet Sayyiduna Muhammad ﷺ. His kuniyah was Abu al-Asad. According to narrations, he had four sons: (1) Kinanah, (2) Asad, (3) Amad, and (4) Hun.
Sayyiduna Kinanah رضي الله عنه
Kinanah رضي الله عنه was given the kuniyah Abu al-Nazar. His nobility is evident from this saying of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ: 'Indeed, Allah chose Sayyiduna Ismail from the children of Ibrahim, and from the children of Ismail, He chose the Banu Kinanah, and from the Banu Kinanah, He chose the Quraysh.' (Sahih Muslim, Hadith 5938). In this hadith, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ specifically mentions the Banu Kinanah. According to one account, Hazrat Kinanah رضي الله عنه also had four sons: (1) Nadhr, (2) Malik, (3) Abd Manaf, and (4) Malkān. Nadhr's original name was Qais, but due to his extreme beauty, he was called Nadhr, which means 'fresh-faced'. His mother was Barra bint Murr ibn Ud bin Tabkhah. He was full of compassion and goodwill towards people. It is said that Quraysh was his name or Laqab (nickname) because Quraysh is derived from Qarsh, which means 'to inquire' or 'to seek.' It is said that Hazrat Nadhr used to inquire about the needs of people, especially pilgrims, and strive to fulfill them. Because of this hospitality and compassion, he became known as Quraysh. However, Allama Ahmad bin Muhammad Qastalani writes: 'Fihr, the grandson of Hazrat Nadhr, was named Quraysh, and the Quraysh tribe is named after him. Those above him (Hazrat Malik and Hazrat Nadhr) were called Kinani, not Quraishi, and this is the correct opinion. His three famous sons were Malik, Yakhlud, and Salat.
Sayyiduna Malik رضي الله عنه
Hazrat Malik was considered one of the great chieftains of the Arabs. His kuniyah was Abu al-Harith, and his mother was Aatika bint 'Adwan Harith bin 'Amro. He had only one son, Fihr.
Sayyiduna Fihr رضي الله عنه
The mother of Hazrat Fihr was Jandalah bint Amir bin Harith Jurhumi. He was a chieftain and a person of great prestige among the tribes of Makkah and its surroundings. In his time, a man from Yemen named Hassaan bin Abd Kulal Himyari, along with his army, attacked Makkah and camped at Nakhla with the intention of uprooting the stones that Hazrat Ibrahim and Hazrat Ismail علیہما السّلام had used to build the Ka’bah and taking them to Yemen to build a Ka’bah there, so that people would come there for Hajj. Under the leadership of Hazrat Fihr, the people of Quraysh and other tribes fiercely resisted Hassaan and defeated him. Hassaan was captured and remained imprisoned for three years before being released for Fidya, but he died on his way back to Yemen. According to one account, Hazrat Fihr's name was Quraysh, which is why his descendants were called Quraysh. Another reason given is that Quraysh is derived from تَقَرُّش 'taqarrush', which means 'to earn' or 'to acquire', as these people were very skilled in trade and their profession was world-renowned, hence this family became known by this name. Quraysh is also the name of a sea creature that is very powerful and devours all other creatures, but cannot be eaten itself. Since the Quraysh were dominant over everyone due to their bravery and courage, they were likened to this sea creature and thus called the Quraysh tribe. They had four sons: Ghalib, Muhaarrib, Harith, and Asad.
Sayyiduna Ghalib رضي الله عنه
The mother of Hazrat Ghalib was Laila bint Harith bin Tamim. His kuniyah was Abu Taym. He had two sons: Lu’ayy and Taym.
Sayyiduna Lu'ayy رضي الله عنه
His kunyah was Abu Ka'b. Lu'ayy bin Ghalib was an extremely patient and wise man. Allah Almighty had blessed him with the qualities of patience and wisdom. Even as a child, he would utter sayings that used to become proverbs. After his father's passing, Lu'ayy was chosen as the leader of the Arabs. He dug a well near the Ka’bah called Asra, from which pilgrims used to drink. Hazrat Lu'ayy had four sons: Ka'b, 'Auf, 'Amir, and Harith.
Sayyiduna Ka'b رضي الله عنه
Hazrat Ka'b was a very compassionate man among his people. He was also an eloquent orator. In his khutbah, he had given the news of the coming of the Final Prophet ﷺ. Hazrat Ka'b had seven sons: Murrah, Hasis, Sahm, Jamh, Adi, Jurah, and Razah. Murrah: The meaning of Murrah is 'bitterness'. Hazrat Murrah had three sons: Kilab, Taym, and Makhzum.
Sayyiduna Kilab رضي الله عنه
His original name was Abdul Halim. He had a great passion for hunting and often hunted using dogs and then have the prey cooked and eat it. Because of his frequent hunting with dogs, he came to be known as Kilab.
Sayyiduna Qusayy رضي الله عنه
His original name was Zaid. Hazrat Qusayy ibn Kilab is a great-grandfather of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. He belonged to the Quraysh tribe and was one of the most respected and influential figures in Makkah. He took charge of the service and care of the Ka’bah and united the Quraysh into a well-organized tribal system. During his time, significant steps were taken to improve the affairs of the Ka’bah and the service of the hujjaj, such as providing water and food for the pilgrims. Hazrat Qusayy united the Quraysh and made them a strong tribe, due to which he is counted among the great leaders of the Arabs. Hazrat Qusayy had three sons: Abd Manaf, Abdul Dar, and Abd al-Uzza.
Sayyiduna Abd Manaf رضي الله عنه
Hazrat Abd Manaf bin Qusayy was one of the noble ancestors of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. His original name was Mughirah, but due to his greatness and stature, he was known as Abd Manaf. Hazrat Abd Manaf was a highly respected and honored personality of his time and held a high position in the Quraysh tribe. Because of him, the prestige and status of the Quraysh further increased. During his time, trade flourished and he made trade agreements with Syria and Yemen for the Quraysh, which provided economic stability to the people of Makkah. Many well-known families of the Quraysh emerged from his descendants, including the Banu Hashim and the Banu Umayyah.
Sayyiduna Hashim رضي الله عنه
Hazrat Hashim's original name was Amru or Umar, but due to his high status, he was called Amru al-'Ala. His mother is Aatika bint Murrah bin Hilal. Hazrat Hashim's kunyah was Abu al-Bathah, and his title was Sayyid al-Bathah, as well as Hashim. The meaning of 'Hashim' is 'one who crushes bread and mixes it with gravy'. The reason he was called Hashim was that once, there was a severe famine in Makkah. It was Hajj season, he went to Syria, bought flour, loaded it onto camels, and brought it to Makkah. Many camels were slaughtered, bread was baked, and a gravy was prepared and the bread was crushed and mixed into the gravy. When the food was ready, a feast was spread for everyone. Everyone ate their fill, and he continued this practice of feeding the people until they were self-sufficient. That is why he became known as Hashim. Due to his qualities and attributes, he became the leader of the Quraysh tribe. He was very wealthy, generous, and kind. He used to provide transportation for travelers, paid people's financial rights from his own pocket, gave them shelter, and fed the hungry. He was handsome, intelligent, and wise. His generosity was legendary. The light of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ was evident on his face, and whoever saw him would fall in love with him. The Caesar had read about his qualities in Injeel (Bible) and therefore sent a message proposing nikah with his princess, but he declined.
Sayyiduna Abdul Muttalib رضي الله عنه
Sayyiduna Abd al-Muttalib was born in 480 CE in Madinah and passed away in 578 CE in Makkah. He was the grandfather of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. His original name was Sheebah (Sheebah ibn Hashim in Arabic). He was called Abd al-Muttalib because he was raised by his uncle, Muttalib, after the passing of his father, Sayyiduna Hashim رضي الله عنه. Therefore, he was referred to as 'Muttalib'. Hazrat Abdul Muttalib adhered to the religion of Ibrahim (Islam) and there is no authentic record of him ever engaging in idolatry.
Parents of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ
Prophet Muhammad’s ﷺ Father
The name of the noble father of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ is Abdullah. His kunyah is Abu Ahmad. One of his titles is 'Dhabiḥ Allah'. The detailed incident of how he earned this title has been discussed in the life story of Hazrat Abdul Muttalib.
The birth of Hazrat Abdullah رضي الله عنه
When Hazrat Abdullah رضي الله عنه was born, scholars of the previous heavenly scriptures recognized through a sign that the father of the Final Prophet ﷺ had been born. The sign was that Sayyiduna Yahya عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ had been martyred while wearing a specific garment (thob), and it was written in their books that when the blood on that garment turned fresh, it would be a sign that the father of the Last Prophet had been born. When the People of the Book realized that the father of the Final Prophet had been born, they tried to martyr Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه on multiple occasions but failed each time, as Allah Almighty protected him. Once, Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه went hunting alone, and about 70 Jews were waiting for him to martyr him. Coincidentally, Sayyidatuna Amina's father, Wahb bin Abdul Manaf Zuhri, was present and came to his aid. However, he saw some beings descending from the sky who were not like humans (certainly they were angels of Allah Almighty) and they killed all the Jews. Thus, Hazrat Abdullah رضي الله عنه returned home safely.
The marriage of Hazrat Abdullah رضي الله عنه
Hazrat Wahb bin Munaf shared this entire matter with his wife and spoke to Hazrat Abdul Muttalib about marrying his daughter, Hazrat Amina رضی اللہ عنہا, to Hazrat Abdullah رضي الله عنه. It turned out that Sayyidatuna Amina رضی اللہ عنہا possessed all the qualities that Hazrat Abdul Muttalib رضي الله عنه was seeking in a bride for Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه. He immediately agreed, and thus, Hazrat Abdullah رضي الله عنه and Hazrat Amina رضی اللہ عنہا were married. Imam Zarqani writes that when Hazrat Abdullah got married, about 200 women from the Banu Makhzum and Banu Manaf clans, who desired to marry Hazrat Abdullah, did not performed nikah for the rest of their lives. The night of their marriage was so heavy on the Qurayshi women that they all fell ill due to being deprived of this happiness. All this was certainly due to the desire for the light that shone on Hazrat Abdullah's forehead, which was the Noor-e- Muhammadi ﷺ (Muhammad's ﷺ Light). Because of this light, he was the most handsome man in Quraysh. He was so handsome that he was called the Yusuf of Wadi Batha.
Sayyiduna Abdullah’s رضي الله عنه passing
When the Noor-e-Muhammadi ﷺ (Muhammad's ﷺ light) was transferred from Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه to Sayyidah Amina رضی اللہ عنہا and she became pregnant, Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه, at the age of 25, fell ill in Madinah and passed away. He was buried there.
Mother of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ
Just as Hazrat Abdullah رضي الله عنه belonged to the noble Quraysh tribe of Banu Hashim, so too did Sayyidah Amina رضی اللہ عنہا belong to the great Quraysh tribe of Banu Zuhra. The Holy Prophet ﷺ himself said, 'I am born from the two noblest tribes of the Arabs, Banu Hashim and Banu Zuhra.' When Allah chose the great tribes of the Quraysh for the birth of His Prophet ﷺ, consider the greatness of the personalities chosen for this noble birth. Imam Bayhaqi writes: 'Sayyidatuna Amina was a very pious, God-fearing, pure, noble, and honorable woman of faith.'
Sayyidah Amina رضی اللہ عنہا a faithful wife
Sayyidah Amina رضی اللہ عنہا was a very loyal wife and she loved Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه deeply. Her love for him can be gauged from the poetry she recited upon his passing. Here is one verse that proves her love for Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه: Translation: When death called him, he immediately went forward and embraced it. Alas, now there is no one left in Banu Hashim who is as noble as him.
Sayyidah Amina's رضی اللہ عنہا final journey to Madinah
When the Holy Prophet ﷺ returned from the care of Sayyidatuna Halima Sa'diyah رضی اللہ عنہا to his mother, he was four or five years old but appeared to be ten years old. When the Beloved Prophet ﷺ stayed with his mother for a while, she realized that her child could endure the difficult journey to Madinah. Thus, with the permission of Hazrat Abdul Muttalib رضي الله عنه, Sayyidah Amina رضی اللہ عنہا decided to go to Madinah. One purpose of her journey was to reunite the Beloved Prophet ﷺ with his maternal relatives, and the other was to take him to visit his father's grave.
The passing of Sayyidah Amina رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Amina رضی اللہ عنہا was accompanied by Umm Ayman رضی اللہ عنہا on this journey. When Sayyidatuna Amina رضی اللہ عنہا stayed there for some time, the Jews somehow learned about it and began to look for signs of the final prophet in the child. When Sayyidatuna Amina رضی اللہ عنہا came to know about this, she decided to return and safely embarked on a journey back with a caravan. However, on the way, she reached a place called Abwa and passed away there. She was buried on a hill at that very place. One of the women present at the time of Sayyidatuna Amina's passing said that before her passing, she advised the Beloved Prophet saying: ' O my light of eyes, may Allah bless you, O offspring of a noble father who escaped the clutches of death. My dear child, if the dream I saw is true, then the Exalted Lord will make you a prophet not only in the sacred and non-sacred lands but also to all people and creatures. Indeed, you will be sent as a messenger of truth and Islam, the religion of your forefather, Sayyiduna Ibrahim علیہ الصلوۃ والسلام. I swear by Allah that you do not associate partners with Allah and join the people in their idolatry.’ These words of Sayyidatuna Amina رضی اللہ عنہا are mentioned in Mawahid al-Laduniyyah, indicating that she was a believer in one God and followed the Abrahamic religion. After giving this advice, Sayyidatuna Amina رضی اللہ عنہا further said: 'Every living thing will taste death, everything new will become old, and every evil thing will perish. I am dying, but my memory will live on. I have given birth to a pure child.' These were the last words said by Sayyidatuna Amina رضی اللہ عنہا before she passed away from this world.
The relatives of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ
Relatives of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ on his father's side
The Beloved Prophet's ﷺ Uncles: Historians have unanimously mentioned that the Final Prophet ﷺ had nine uncles. However, there are three additional names mentioned in other sources, bringing the total number of his uncles to approximately twelve.
Two of the Final Prophet’s ﷺ uncles accepted Islam
Sayyiduna Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib and Sayyiduna Hamza bin Abdul Muttalib رضی اللہ عنھما were the ones who accepted the call of Islam.
A Brief Introduction to Sayyiduna Abbas رضي الله عنه
There are numerous hadith that highlight the virtues of Sayyiduna Abbas رضي الله عنه. The Beloved Prophet ﷺ gave many glad tidings about him and his descendants. • Sayyiduna Abbas رضي الله عنه was born before the Year of the Elephant (the incident of Abraha's attack on Makkah). • He had already accepted Islam before the Battle of Badr, but he kept his faith hidden. The disbelievers forcefully took him with them to the Battle of Badr. That is why the Holy Prophet ﷺ had already given instructions that no one should harm Sayyiduna Abbas رضي الله عنه as he was brought to the battle against his will. • Sayyiduna Abbas رضي الله عنه was very generous, and the Holy Prophet ﷺ himself attested to this. On one occasion, when the Beloved Prophet ﷺ was preparing an army, Sayyiduna Abbas رضي الله عنه arrived. Upon seeing him, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ said, 'This is my uncle, who is the most generous and compassionate person in all of Arabia, especially towards the poor/needy and relatives.' • He passed away at the age of 88. His funeral prayer was led by Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani رضي الله عنه, and he was buried in Jannatul Baqi.
A Brief Introduction to Sayyiduna Hamza رضي الله عنه
• Sayyiduna Hamza رضي الله عنه was considered one of the most courageous individuals among the Arabs. His favorite pastimes were hunting and traveling. • He accepted Islam three days before Sayyiduna Umar رضي الله عنه and his reason for embracing Islam was his deep love and respect for his nephew, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. • He was born two years before the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. He was the bravest among the entire Banu Hashim clan and the children of Abdul Muttalib and was very handsome in appearance. • The Beloved Prophet ﷺ loved his uncle Sayyiduna Hamza رضي الله عنه deeply. Once, a companion رضي الله عنه asked the Beloved Prophet ﷺ what name he should give to his newborn son, and the Beloved Prophet ﷺ replied, "I love my uncle Hamza very much, so name your son after him." • Sayyiduna Hamza رضي الله عنه was martyred at the Battle of Uhud while fighting valiantly against the disbelievers. • Sayyiduna Hamza رضي الله عنه was buried in the battlefield of Uhud. The Holy Prophet ﷺ used to visit the graves of the martyrs of Uhud, and after him, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddiq and Sayyiduna Umar Farooq رضی اللہ عنھما continued this tradition. Once, when the Holy Prophet ﷺ visited the graves of the martyrs of Uhud, he said, 'O Allah! Your Messenger bears witness that this group sacrificed their lives seeking Your pleasure.' Then he also said, 'Until the Day of Judgment, any Muslim who visits the graves of these martyrs and greets (Salam) them will receive a greeting (Salam) in return from these noble martyrs.' • Forty-six years later, when some of the graves of the martyrs of Uhud got opened, it was found that their shrouds were intact and their bodies were fresh. All the people of Madinah and others saw that the noble martyrs had their hands placed on their wounds, and when their hands were removed, fresh blood flowed out.
Paternal Aunts of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ
In books of Seerah, the number of Beloved Prophet's ﷺ paternal aunts is stated to be six. Among them, only two aunts had the honor of embracing Islam. One was Sayyidatuna Arwa bint 'Abdul Muttalib, and the other was Sayyidatuna Safiyyah bint 'Abdul Muttalib رضی اللہ عنھما.
A Brief Introduction to Sayyidatuna Arwa رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Arwa bint Abdul Muttalib رضی اللہ عنہا, the daughter of Sayyiduna Abdul-Muttalib رضي الله عنه and the sister of the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ father, had the honor of being a companion of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ and also the honor of being related to him. • She had the honor of being a great woman of society in both the pre-Islamic era (Jahiliyyah) and the Islamic era. She رضی اللہ عنہا was also recognized for her excellent judgment and for being a great poet. • Regarding her married life, historians write that her first marriage was to Umair bin Wahb, with whom she had the early convert to Islam, Muhajir and Badri companion, Taleeb رضي الله عنه. After that, she married Artah bin Shurahbil, with whom she had a daughter named Fatima. • She loved her nephew, the Holy Prophet ﷺ, very much. Once, her son Taleeb رضي الله عنه told her the good news of his conversion to Islam, and she expressed her feelings of love in this way: "Indeed, the son of your maternal uncle is the most deserving of help. By Allah, if we were also able to do what men are able to do, we would surely defend him (the Beloved Prophet ﷺ) and fight the enemies."
A Brief Introduction to Sayyidatuna Safiyyah رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Safiyyah رضی اللہ عنہا is the sister of Sayyid al-Shuhada (the leader of the martyrs), Amir Hamza رضي الله عنه, and the mother of Sayyiduna Zubayr bin Awwam رضي الله عنه, who is among the ten companions promised Paradise. Her mother's name is Hala bint Wahb, and Hala was the sister of Sayyidatuna Aminah رضی اللہ عنہا, the mother of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. In this respect, Sayyidatuna Safiyyah رضی اللہ عنہا was not only the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ paternal aunt but also his cousin. • She رضی اللہ عنہا accepted Islam even before the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ migration to Madinah and was among the first to migrate with her son, Sayyiduna Zubayr bin Awwam رضي الله عنه, thus being included in the verse "And the first to embrace Islam from the Muhajirin (emigrants) and the Ansar (helpers)" (Quran 9:100), and received the glad tidings of Allah's pleasure through this Quranic text. • She رضی اللہ عنہا lived to the age of 73 and passed away in the 20th year of Hijra during the caliphate of Sayyiduna Umar Farooq Azam رضي الله عنه. She was buried in Jannatul Baqi'.
Relatives of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ from his mother's side:
Regarding the relatives from the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ mother's side, such as maternal uncles and aunts, no mention is found in the books of Seerah. Some historians have even said that Sayyidatuna Aminah رضی اللہ عنہا was the only child of her parents; according to this view, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would have had neither maternal uncles nor aunts. However, Sayyiduna Wahb رضي الله عنه, the father of Sayyidatuna Aminah رضی اللہ عنہا, had another wife named Da'ifah bint Hashim, and they had two sons named (1) Abd Yaghuth and (2) Ubayd Yaghuth. These were brothers from Sayyidatuna Aminah's رضی اللہ عنہا father's side, and therefore, in this relation, they were also maternal uncles of the Holy Prophet ﷺ. • Sayyidatuna Aminah رضی اللہ عنہا belonged to the Banu Zuhrah tribe. For this reason, the people of Banu Zuhrah considered themselves honored as the maternal relatives of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, and the Beloved Prophet ﷺ also introduced Banu Zuhrah as his maternal relatives. An example of this is found in the narration of Sunan Tirmidhi, in which the Holy Prophet ﷺ called Sayyiduna Saad his "maternal uncle" because of his connection to Banu Zuhrah. Thus, in the narration of Tirmidhi: وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: أَقْبَلَ سَعْدٌ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: هٰذَا خَالِي فَلْيُرِنِي امْرُؤٌ خَالَه Sayyiduna Jabir رضي الله عنه reported: Hazrat Saad came, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "This is my maternal uncle, so who among you has a maternal uncle like him?" (Tirmidhi) • Similarly, some women were also called maternal aunts of the Holy Prophet ﷺ due to their connection to Banu Zuhrah, including (1) Fakhtah bint Amru, (2) Fari'ah bint Wahb, (3) Hala bint Wahb. • Mufti Ahmad Yar Khan Naeemi رحمۃ اللہ علیہ writes in Mirat-ul-Manajih: "The entire family from the mother's side, whether from the paternal grandfather's side or the maternal grandfather's side, are maternal relatives. It should be noted that the paternal relatives of Hazrat Aminah رضی اللہ عنہا are in Makkah Mukarramah, and the maternal relatives are in Madinah Tayyibah. In this regard, the Ansar of Madinah are also considered maternal relatives of the Holy Prophet ﷺ."
Foster Relatives of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ
Meaning of Foster Relatives in this case
When different children drink milk from the same woman, they are called foster sisters and brothers to each other. The woman who breastfeeds them is called their foster mother, and her husband is called their foster father. Similarly, all the relatives associated with them become the foster relatives of these children.
The foster mothers of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ
The Holy Prophet ﷺ was breastfed by his noble and pure mother, Bibi Aminah رضی اللہ عنہا, for seven days. In addition to Sayyidatuna Aminah رضی اللہ عنہا, historians have recorded different numbers of women who had the honor of becoming the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ foster mothers. Overall, the number of these fortunate women is approximately 09.
Sayyidatuna Halima Sadia رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Halima Sadia رضی اللہ عنہا was a blessed woman who had the honor of nursing the Holy Prophet ﷺ the most. She embraced Islam and was honored as a companion of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ (Sahabiya). Her husband, Sayyiduna Harith رضي الله عنه, who was also the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ foster father, also embraced Islam. Sayyidatuna Halima Sadia رضی اللہ عنہا had two daughters and a son, and all three were blessed with the acceptance of Islam. From the time the Holy Prophet ﷺ came to Sayyidatuna Halima Sadia رضی اللہ عنہا, her livestock increased abundantly, her status rose, and she continued to receive blessings and success. On one occasion, during the Battle of Hunain, when Sayyidatuna Halima Sadia رضی اللہ عنہا came to meet the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he spread his shawl for her. The Holy Prophet ﷺ showed great respect and love for Sayyidatuna Halima Sadia رضی اللہ عنہا because she was his foster mother. Her blessed grave is in Jannatul Baqee'.
Sayyidatuna Thuwaybah رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Thuwaybah رضی اللہ عنہا was a woman from Makkah who belonged to a desert tribe. • Sayyidatuna Thuwaybah رضی اللہ عنہا was a slave of Abu Lahab. When the Holy Prophet ﷺ was born, she brought this joyous news to Abu Lahab. In his happiness at the birth of his nephew, Abu Lahab freed Sayyidatuna Thuwaybah رضی اللہ عنہا from slavery. • Sayyidatuna Thuwaybah رضی اللہ عنہا has the honor of being the first foster mother of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. • In addition to the Holy Prophet ﷺ, Sayyidatuna Thuwaybah رضی اللہ عنہا also nursed Sayyiduna Amir Hamza رضي الله عنه and Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abdulasad al-Makhzoomi رضي الله عنه. • When the Holy Prophet ﷺ performed nikah with Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا, Sayyidatuna Thuwaybah رضی اللہ عنہا used to visit him. The Holy Prophet ﷺ respected her greatly and would send gifts to her from Madinah. • Sayyidatuna Thuwaybah رضی اللہ عنہا passed away after the conquest of Khaybar.
Sayyidatuna Umm Ayman رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Umm Ayman رضی اللہ عنہا, whose original name was ‘Barakah’, was of Ethiopian descent. She was a slave of the Holy Prophet's ﷺ esteemed father, Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه. • Sayyidatuna Umm Ayman رضی اللہ عنہا was a woman of high status and rank. She also had the honor of being a foster mother to the Holy Prophet ﷺ. The Beloved Prophet ﷺ himself said: "Umm Ayman is my mother after my mother." (Al-Mawahib al-Laduniyyah) • The Beloved Prophet ﷺ would frequently visit Sayyidatuna Umm Ayman رضی اللہ عنہا and say, "She is my mother." He was like a son to her, and Sayyidatuna Umm Ayman رضی اللہ عنہا treated him like her own son. • After the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ passing, when the two caliphs (Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddiq and Sayyiduna Umar Farooq رضی اللہ عنھما) went to visit her, she wept upon seeing them. When asked why she was crying, she explained that with the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ departure, the revelation had ceased. Mufti Ahmad Yar Khan Naeemi رحمۃ اللہ علیہ explains that what Sayyidatuna Umm Ayman رضی اللہ عنہا meant was that after the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ passing, they were deprived of many blessings from Allah Almighty. The arrival of Quranic verses had stopped, the chain of Hadith had ended, and the process of making people companions of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ (Sahabis) had concluded. The Beloved Prophet ﷺ had bestowed all these blessings upon them, and now, with his passing, these blessings were no longer available. Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddique and Sayyiduna Umar Farooq رضی اللہ عنھما also wept.
A woman from the tribe of Banu Saad
There was also a woman from the Banu Saad tribe who nursed the Beloved Prophet ﷺ once or twice. Her name is unknown, but it was the same woman who also nursed Sayyiduna Amir Hamza رضي الله عنه. From this perspective as well, Sayyiduna Amir Hamza رضي الله عنه is a foster brother of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. And from the side of Sayyidatuna Thuwaybah رضی اللہ عنہا, Sayyiduna Amir Hamza رضي الله عنه and the Holy Prophet ﷺ are also foster brothers.
Three women from the Banu Salim tribe
Not much information could be found about these three virgin women of the Banu Salim tribe. However, Imam Ahmad Raza Khan رحمۃ اللہ علیہ, the Imam of the Ahl-Us-Sunnah, mentioned them. He stated that when Sayyidatuna Halima رضی اللہ عنہا was carrying the Beloved Prophet ﷺ on her journey, three young girls saw the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ beautiful and handsome face. Overwhelmed with love, they started feeding the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. Miraculously, despite being virgins, all three of them produced milk. These three pure women were named 'Aatika.' • Imam Suhayli and some other scholars have narrated a hadith in which the Holy Prophet ﷺ said, انا ابن العواتک من سلیم "I am the son of the 'Aatika' women of Salim." (Fatawa Razvia, Volume 30) • The meaning of 'Aatika' is a noble woman, a chief, a generous one, full of fragrance.
Sayyidatuna Khawlah bint al-Mundhir رضی اللہ عنہا and Sayyidatuna Furwah رضی اللہ عنہا
In some books of Seerah, their names are found, but historically, which tribe these women belonged to is not mentioned in the books of Seerah.
Foster Father Sayyiduna Harith رضي الله عنه, Foster Brothers Sayyiduna Abdullah and Sayyiduna Hamza رضی اللہ عنھما
Sayyiduna Harith رضي الله عنه, the husband of Sayyidatuna Halima Sa'diyah رضی اللہ عنہا and the foster father of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, also embraced Islam.
Foster sisters
Sayyidatuna Halima Sa'diyah رضی اللہ عنہا had two daughters named Shima bint Harith and Anisa bint Harith رضی اللہ عنھما. Both of them had the honor of being foster sisters to the Beloved Prophet ﷺ.
Wives رضی اللہ عنہنّ of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ
Wives of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ
The wives of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ are also included in the Prophetic family, and their status is elevated due to their relationship with the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. Their greatness and honor are evident from the fact that Allah Almighty has mentioned their status in the Quran and has declared the wives of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ as the mothers of the whole Ummah. Allah Almighty says: وَ اَزْوَاجُہٗۤ اُمَّہٰتُہُمْ ؕ ‘And His wives are their mothers.’ This means that the wives of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ are the mothers of all believers. Furthermore, Allah Almighty, in describing their greatness, says: یٰنِسَآءَ النَّبِیِّ لَسْتُنَّ کَاَحَدٍ مِّنَ النِّسَآءِ اِنِ اتَّقَیۡتُنَّ ‘O wives of the Prophet, you are not like other women, if you fear Allah.’ In this verse, Allah Almighty has declared the distinctive status of the wives of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, stating that they are not like ordinary women but are distinct due to their relationship with the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. The Holy Prophet ﷺ had eleven wives, whose names are...
Sayyidatuna Khadijah al-Kubra رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Khadijah al-Kubra رضی اللہ عنہا has the kunya of 'Umm al-Hind'. Her mother's name was Fatima. • She was bestowed with the honor of being the first wife of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. • Before her marriage to the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, she was a successful businesswoman. Besides being wealthy, she was also very generous and held a high status among the Quraysh women. • She chose the Beloved Prophet ﷺ as her business partner, even before his prophethood. At that time, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ was only twenty-five years old. Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا sent a message to the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, asking him to take her merchandise to Syria and keep whatever profit he deemed suitable. The Holy Prophet ﷺ, after consulting with his uncle, accepted this offer. She sent her servant Maysara along with the Holy Prophet ﷺ to assist him. The Beloved Prophet ﷺ sold his goods in Busra and doubled his profit. The caravan also benefited greatly from the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ blessed company. When the caravan returned, Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا saw two angels shading the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, and her servant Maysara told her about the miraculous events that had occurred during the journey. Upon hearing this, Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا became an ardent devotee of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. • She herself sent a nikah (marriage) proposal to the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. At that time, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ was twenty-five years old, while Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا was forty. After consulting with the elders, the marriage between Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا and the Holy Prophet ﷺ took place. Her mahr was twelve and a half ounces of gold, which is equivalent to a significant amount of money today. This shows that even at that time, marriages were arranged with the consent of elders, and mahr was determined. Age difference was not considered a significant issue. • The Beloved Prophet ﷺ did not marry anyone else as long as Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا was alive. She spent her life serving the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. She sacrificed all her wealth for him. • All the children of the Holy Prophet ﷺ, except for Sayyiduna Ibrahim رضي الله عنه, were born to Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا. The details of the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ children will be discussed in the next part of this course. • Allah Almighty had blessed her with immense generosity. Once, during a famine, when Sayyidatuna Halima Sa'diyah رضی اللہ عنہا visited her, she gifted her 40 goats and a camel. • When the first revelation was revealed to the Holy Prophet ﷺ in the cave of Hira, he returned home and asked Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا to cover him with a blanket because of the extraordinary experience he had. Mufti Ahmad Yar Khan Naeemi رحمۃ اللہ علیہ, while explaining this incident, mentioned that the Beloved Prophet ﷺ was worried about shouldering the responsibility of prophethood. Upon this, Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا comforted the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. The words she spoke are indeed a great lesson for our Muslim sisters today. When a husband is worried about a matter, a good and virtuous wife should adopt the approach of Sayyidatuna Khadija رضی اللہ عنہا. She told the Holy Prophet ﷺ, "Allah Almighty will surely do good to you. You are kind to your relatives, you bear your burdens, you practice self-restraint and strive hard, you are hospitable, you help the weak and the needy, you are good to people, you are truthful, and you fulfill your trusts." With these words, Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا reassured and comforted the Holy Prophet ﷺ. The Holy Prophet ﷺ, due to the denial and rejection of the Quraysh, would experience immense grief. However, simply by looking at Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا, all his worries would vanish, and he would feel happy. When the Beloved Prophet ﷺ would return home, she would take care of him and cater to his needs, making every difficulty seem easy. • Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا was the first person to openly embrace Islam. When the Beloved Prophet ﷺ returned from the cave of Hira with the revelation, she believed in him. • The Holy Prophet ﷺ said to Sayyidatuna Aisha رضی اللہ عنہا, "By Allah, I have never found a wife better than Khadijah. When all people disbelieved in me, she believed in me. When all people rejected me, she verified me. And when no one was willing to give me anything, Khadijah gave me all her wealth. And it was from her womb that Allah Almighty gave me children." • Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا gave birth to two sons, Sayyiduna Qasim and Sayyiduna Abdullah رضی اللہ عنھما, and four daughters: Sayyidatuna Zainab, Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah, Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum, and Sayyidatuna Fatima رضی اللہ عنہنّ. • Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا remained the life partner of the Holy Prophet ﷺ for twenty-five years, and she passed away in the tenth year of Prophethood (i.e., when the Beloved Prophet ﷺ was fifty years old). • Sayyidatuna Aisha رضی اللہ عنہا said that the Beloved Prophet ﷺ often spoke fondly of Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا.
Sayyidatuna Sauda رضی اللہ عنہا
According to a narration, Sayyidatuna Sauda رضی اللہ عنہا was married to the Holy Prophet ﷺ after the passing of Sayyidatuna Khadijah al-Kubra رضی اللہ عنہا. Her first marriage was to Sayyiduna Sakran bin Amr رضي الله عنه. Both she and her husband embraced Islam in Makkah at an early stage. When the Muslims were ordered to migrate, they migrated to Abyssinia. Before her husband's passing, she had a dream in which she saw the Holy Prophet ﷺ came and placed his foot on her neck. She narrated this dream to her husband, who interpreted it as a sign of his impending death and that she would marry the Beloved Prophet ﷺ after his passing. A few days later, Sayyiduna Sakran رضي الله عنه passed away. After the passing of Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ was also worried, because all the responsibilities of looking after the children and the household were handled by Sayyidatuna Khadijah رضی اللہ عنہا. Seeing the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ worry, Sayyidatuna Khawlah bint Hakim رضی اللہ عنہا suggested that he should remarry. She proposed the names of Sayyidatuna Sauda رضی اللہ عنہا and Sayyidatuna Aisha رضی اللہ عنہا. The Beloved Prophet ﷺ agreed and asked Sayyidatuna Khawlah رضی اللہ عنہا to consult both women. Sayyidatuna Khawlah رضی اللہ عنہا first approached Sayyidatuna Sauda رضی اللہ عنہا, who agreed but requested that her father's permission be sought. When Sayyidatuna Khawlah رضی اللہ عنہا approached her father, he agreed to the marriage after consulting he with Sayyidatuna Sauda رضی اللہ عنہا. Thus, the marriage between Sayyidatuna Sauda رضی اللہ عنہا and the Beloved Prophet ﷺ took place. Sayyidatuna Sauda رضی اللہ عنہا narrated five hadiths. One is recorded in Sahih Bukhari and the remaining four are in the Sunan of the Four Imams. Sayyidatuna Sauda رضی اللہ عنہا passed away in the month of Shawwal during the reign of either Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab or Sayyiduna Muawiyah رضی اللہ عنھما.
Sayyidatuna Aisha Siddiqa رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Aisha Siddiqa رضی اللہ عنہا was the daughter of the first Caliph of Islam, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddique رضي الله عنه. Her kunya was Umm Abdullah. She herself inquired from the Beloved Prophet ﷺ about her kunya, and he said, ' Adopt your kunya from your nephew (Abdullah bin Zubair رضي الله عنه).' Sayyidatuna Aisha رضي الله عنها narrated: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "You appeared to me in a dream three nights in a row. An angel brought you wrapped in a piece of silk and said, 'This is your wife; uncover her face.' So I looked, and it was you. I said, 'If this dream is from Allah, then He will fulfill it.' Sayyidatuna Aisha's رضی اللہ عنہا marriage took place in Madinah in the month of Shawwal when she was six years old and she joined the Holy Prophet's ﷺ household when she was nine, that also in the month of Shawwal. She remained with the Holy Prophet ﷺ for nine years until his passing. When the Holy Prophet ﷺ veiled from this world, Sayyidatuna Aisha رضی اللہ عنہا was eighteen years old. The Beloved Prophet ﷺ said to Sayyidah Fatimah Zahra رضي الله عنها: 'O Fatimah, whoever I love, will you also love?' Sayyidah Fatimah Zahra رضي الله عنها replied, 'Certainly, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I will love them.' Upon this, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ said: 'Then love Aisha.' It is narrated that Sayyidatuna Aisha Siddiqa رضي الله عنها said to the Holy Prophet ﷺ, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Please pray for me that Allah Almighty may place me among your pure wives in Paradise." The Holy Prophet ﷺ said, "If you desire this status, then do not save food for the next day. And do not discard any cloth until it is beyond repair." Sayyidatuna Aisha Siddiqa رضي الله عنها adhered so strictly to the Holy Prophet's ﷺ advice and instruction that she never saved today's food for tomorrow. It is narrated from Sayyiduna Urwah bin Zubair رضي الله عنه that he said, "I have not seen anyone more knowledgeable than Sayyidatuna Aisha Siddiqa رضي الله عنها in the meanings of the Quran, the rulings of halal and haram, Arabic poetry, and genealogy." Sayyidatuna Aisha رضی اللہ عنہا passed away in the year 57 AH during the reign of Sayyiduna Muawiyah رضي الله عنه, at the age of 66. Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه led her funeral prayer and she was buried in Jannatul Baqi.
Sayyidatuna Hafsa رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Hafsa رضی اللہ عنہا is the daughter of the second Caliph of Islam, Sayyiduna Umar Farooq رضي الله عنه. Her mother's name is Zainab bint Muz'un. Sayyidatuna Hafsa's رضی اللہ عنہا first marriage was to Sayyiduna Khunais bin Hudhafah رضي الله عنه, who was one of the companions of Badr, and she migrated with him. After the passing of her husband, Sayyiduna Umar رضي الله عنه proposed marriage for Sayyidatuna Hafsa رضی اللہ عنہا to Sayyiduna Uthman رضي الله عنه, then to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr رضي الله عنه. When there was no response from them, a marriage proposal came from the Holy Prophet ﷺ, which Sayyiduna Umar رضي الله عنه accepted. (Historians suggest that Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Uthman did not respond because they knew the Beloved Prophet ﷺ would propose.) There are 60 hadiths narrated from Sayyidatuna Hafsa رضی اللہ عنہا, including four that are agreed upon by both Bukhari and Muslim and six more in Muslim alone. The remaining 50 are found in other books of hadith. Sayyidatuna Hafsa رضی اللہ عنہا passed away during the reign of Sayyiduna Muawiyah رضي الله عنه. Historians differ on the exact year of her death, with some stating 41 AH, some 45 AH, and others 47 AH.
Sayyidatuna Zainab bint Khuzayma رضی اللہ عنہا
Allah Almighty had bestowed upon Sayyidatuna Zainab bint Khuzayma رضی اللہ عنہا a generous heart. She was very kind to the poor and needy. Due to her generosity and kindness, she was given the title of "Umm al-Masaakin" (Mother of the Poor) even during the pre-Islamic period. Her first marriage was to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Jahsh رضي الله عنه. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Jahsh رضي الله عنه was martyred in the Battle of Uhud while fighting bravely. After the martyrdom of her husband, she was married to the Holy Prophet ﷺ. However, she spent a very short time with the Beloved Prophet ﷺ and passed away in the year 4 AH and was buried in Jannatul Baqi.
Sayyidatuna Umm Salamah رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Umm Salamah's رضی اللہ عنہا real name was Hind bint Abi Umayya. Her mother's name was Atika bint Amir bin Rabi'ah. Her first marriage was to Sayyiduna Abu Salamah bin Abd al-Asad رضي الله عنه, with whom she had four children. She migrated to Abyssinia with her husband and later returned to Madinah. Sayyiduna Abu Salamah رضي الله عنه participated in the Battle of Uhud. During the battle, he sustained poisoned wounds. Though he initially recovered, the wounds later reopened, and he ultimately passed away due to these injuries. Sayyidatuna Umm Salamah رضی اللہ عنہا said, "After the passing of my husband, I began to recite the du’a that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had encouraged the Muslims to recite during times of affliction and hardship. The du’a is: اَللّٰھُمَّ أجِرْنِیْ فِیْ مُصِیْبَتِیْ وَاخْلُفْ لِیْ خَيرًا مِّنْھَا Translation: 'O Allah, grant me reward for my affliction and replace it with something better.' She herself said, 'I would recite this du’a, and it would cross my mind that who could be better than Sayyiduna Abu Salamah رضي الله عنه among the Muslims. However, with the intention of acting upon the command of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I continued to recite it; until Allah Almighty bestowed upon me the best of husbands, that is, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ.'" There are 378 hadiths narrated from Sayyidatuna Umm Salamah رضی اللہ عنہا. Of these, thirteen hadiths are found in both Bukhari and Muslim, three are found only in Bukhari, thirteen are found only in Muslim, and the rest are narrated in other books. Sayyidatuna Umm Salamah رضی اللہ عنہا, was the last of the wives of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ to pass away. Most accounts place her passing in 59 AH, although some mention 62 AH, after the martyrdom of Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضي الله عنه. This latter account is supported by a narration recorded by Imam Tirmidhi, from a woman named Salma رضی اللہ عنہا, a wife of one of the Ansar. She said, 'I visited Sayyidatuna Umm Salamah رضی اللہ عنہا and found her weeping. I asked her, "O Umm Salamah, what has made you weep?" She replied, "I have just seen the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in a dream. His noble head and blessed face were covered in dust and he was weeping." I asked, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, why are you weeping?" He ﷺ replied, "I was present at the place where Hussain was martyred." This indicates that Sayyidatuna Umm Salamah رضی اللہ عنہا was still alive at the time of Sayyiduna Imam Hussain's رضي الله عنه martyrdom. Sayyidatuna Umm Salamah رضی اللہ عنہا passed away in Madinah at the age of eighty-four. Her funeral prayer was led by Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah رضي الله عنه, although some accounts state that it was led by Sayyiduna Saeed bin Zaid رضي الله عنه. She was buried in Jannatul Baqi'.
Sayyidatuna Zainab bint Jahsh رضی اللہ عنہا
The original name of Sayyidatuna Zainab bint Jahsh رضی اللہ عنہا was Barrah. The Beloved Prophet ﷺ changed her name to Zainab. Her kunya was Umm al-Hakim. Her mother was Umaima bint Abdul Muttalib, who was the paternal aunt of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. Sayyidatuna Zainab bint Jahsh's رضی اللہ عنہا first marriage was to Sayyiduna Zaid رضي الله عنه, who was an adopted son of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. After Sayyiduna Zaid رضي الله عنه divorced Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ married her. Sayyidatuna Aisha رضی اللہ عنہا said, "I have not seen any woman more pious, more charitable, more dutiful to her relatives, and more devoted to worship than Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا." There are eleven hadiths narrated from Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا, two of which are found in both Bukhari and Muslim, and the remaining nine are found in other books. When Sayyidatuna Aisha رضی اللہ عنہا heard of Sayyidatuna Zainab's رضی اللہ عنہا passing, she said, "A woman of excellent character, who did good deeds and took care of orphans and widows has passed away." Sayyiduna Umar رضي الله عنه led her funeral prayer, and she was buried in Jannatul Baqi. She passed away at the age of 53 in Madinah in either 20 AH or 21 AH.
Sayyidatuna Juwayriya bint Harith رضی اللہ عنہا
• Her name was also Barrah, and the Beloved Prophet ﷺ changed her name to Juwayriya. • It is narrated from Sayyidatuna Aisha Siddiqa رضی اللہ عنہا that Sayyidatuna Juwayriya رضی اللہ عنہا was a very sweet, beautiful, and graceful woman. • She رضی اللہ عنہا embraced Islam and came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "I have become a Muslim, and I am the daughter of Harith bin Dirar, who is the leader of our tribe. I am a prisoner of the Muslims and have been allotted to Thabit bin Qays. He has set a price for my freedom, which I want to pay." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ paid the price for her freedom and not only freed her but also honored her by marrying her. • Regarding her marriage to the Holy Prophet ﷺ, she رضی اللہ عنہا herself says that before coming here, she had a dream in which she saw the moon moving from Madinah and came into her lap. She did not mention this dream to anyone and interpreted it herself, and this interpretation came true. • Seven Hadiths are narrated from Sayyidatuna Juwayriya رضی اللہ عنہا in authentic books. Two are in Bukhari, two in Muslim, and the rest are in other books. • Sayyidatuna Juwayriya رضی اللہ عنہا passed away at the age of 65 in 50 AH or 56 AH in Madinah. Her funeral prayer was led by Marwan, who was the ruler of Madinah on behalf of Sayyiduna Amir Muawiya رضي الله عنه.
Sayyidatuna Umm Habiba رضی اللہ عنہا
• Her original name was "Ramla" or, according to one account, "Hind." Her father's name was Abu Sufyan, and her mother's name was Safiyya bint Abi al-Aas. • She رضی اللہ عنہا embraced Islam in its early days. Her first marriage was to Ubaydullah bin Jahsh, with whom she had a daughter named Habiba. This is why her kunya was Umm Habiba. Ubaydullah bin Jahsh apostatized after embracing Islam and died in a state of apostasy. • Sayyidatuna Umm Habiba رضی اللہ عنہا says: "I saw in a dream that a person was addressing me as 'O Mother of the Believers.' I interpreted the dream as a sign that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would marry me." • The Last Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Sayyiduna Amru bin Umayya al-Damri رضي الله عنه to Najashi to propose to Sayyidatuna Umm Habiba رضی اللہ عنہا on his ﷺ behalf and to conduct the nikah. Then, Sayyidatuna Umm Habiba رضی اللہ عنہا appointed Sayyiduna Khalid bin Sa'id bin al-Aas رضي الله عنه as her representative. Najashi delivered the khutbah (sermon), and Sayyiduna Ja'far bin Abi Talib رضي الله عنه and all the Muslims present in Abyssinia attended the ceremony. Then, Najashi handed the dinars to Sayyiduna Khalid bin Sa'id رضي الله عنه. When the people were about to leave, Najashi said, "Sit down, for serving food at the nikah ceremony is the sunnah of the prophets علیہم السلام." Najashi arranged a meal, and everyone ate and then departed. • During the Treaty of Hudaybiyah, Abu Sufyan came to Madinah and reached the house of Sayyidatuna Umm Habiba رضی اللہ عنہا. He wanted to sit on the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ bed, but she prevented her father from sitting on the bed and said, "This bed is pure and sanctified, and you are defiled by the impurity of shirk (polytheism)." • Sixty-five Hadiths are narrated from her in authentic books. Two of them are unanimously agreed upon (by Bukhari and Muslim), one is solely in Muslim, and the rest are in other books. • Sayyidatuna Umm Habiba رضی اللہ عنہا was a pure, praiseworthy, generous, and noble woman. She said to Sayyidatuna Aisha and Sayyidatuna Umm Salama رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہما, "Forgive me for the things that happen between the wives of a husband, and for anything that I have done to you." They said, "May Allah Almighty forgive you and pardon you, and we forgive you too." Sayyidatuna Umm Habiba رضی اللہ عنہا said, "May Allah Almighty make you happy, you have made me happy.” • Sayyidatuna Umm Habiba رضی اللہ عنہا passed away in Madinah in 40 AH or 44 AH. According to one account, she passed away in Syria.
Sayyiduna Safiyyah bint Huyay bin Akhtab رضی اللہ عنہا
• She is a descendant of Prophet Harun علیہ السلام. • She رضی اللہ عنہا was among those captured by the Muslims in the Battle of Khaybar. She was the daughter of the chief of her tribe. She was allotted to Sayyiduna Dihya al-Kalbi رضي الله عنه. The Companions decided that since she was the daughter of a chief, she should be exclusively for the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. The Holy Prophet ﷺ paid Sayyiduna Dihya al-Kalbi رضي الله عنه the price for Sayyidatuna Safiyyah رضی اللہ عنہا, freed her, and then honored her by marrying her. • She رضی اللہ عنہا had already had a dream of being married to the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, but at that time, she was married to Kinana. She told her husband about the dream, and he said, "You desire to be the wife of the king who is in Madinah," and slapped her face, which caused her eye to turn blue. The effect of the slap was visible. When the Holy Prophet ﷺ inquired about it, she told him the whole story. • On the return from the Battle of Khaybar, the Holy Prophet ﷺ placed his blessed foot on the mount so that Sayyidah Safiyyah رضی اللہ عنہا could place her feet on the Holy Prophet's ﷺ thigh and mount. Instead of placing her feet, she placed her knee on the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ thigh and mounted. The Beloved Prophet ﷺ made her his companion on the ride and covered her with a veil. • Ten Hadiths are narrated from Sayyidah Safiyyah رضی اللہ عنہا in authentic books. One is unanimously agreed upon (by Bukhari and Muslim), and the remaining nine are in other books. • Sayyidah Safiyyah رضی اللہ عنہا passed away in 36 AH or 52 AH, according to different accounts. It is also said that she passed away during the caliphate of Sayyiduna Umar bin al-Khattab رضي الله عنه, and he led her funeral prayer.
Sayyidatuna Maymuna رضی اللہ عنہا
• Her original name was "Barrah," but the Messenger of Allah ﷺ changed her name to Maymuna. Her mother's name was Hind bint Awf. Her mother was blessed with sons-in-law like no other. One son-in-law was the Last Prophet of Allah ﷺ, and the other was Sayyiduna Abbas رضي الله عنه, as Sayyidatuna Maymuna's رضی اللہ عنہا sister, Sayyidatuna Umm al-Fadl رضی اللہ عنہا, was married to Sayyiduna Abbas رضي الله عنه. • Sayyidatuna Maymuna's رضی اللہ عنہا mother's first husband was Sayyiduna Umays Khashami رضي الله عنه, with whom she had two more daughters. One was Sayyidatuna Asma bint Umays رضی اللہ عنہا, who was first married to Sayyiduna Ja'far رضي الله عنه. After his martyrdom, she married Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddiq رضي الله عنه, and after his passing, she married Sayyiduna Ali رضي الله عنه. Sayyidatuna Asma's رضی اللہ عنہا other sister, Sayyidatuna Zaynab bint Umays رضی اللہ عنہا, was married to Sayyiduna Hamza رضي الله عنه. • Her marriage to the Holy Prophet ﷺ took place in Dhul-Qa'dah 7 AH during Umrah al-Qada'. When she received the nikah (marriage) proposal from the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, she was riding a camel. She said, "The camel and what is on it are for Allah Almighty and His Messenger ﷺ." • It is also a strange coincidence that Sayyidatuna Maymuna's رضی اللہ عنہا marriage, Zifaf, and passing all took place in the same place called Sarf, which is ten miles from Makkah. • Seventy-six Hadiths are narrated from Sayyidatuna Maymuna رضی اللہ عنہا. Seven are unanimously agreed upon (by Bukhari and Muslim), and the rest are in other books. • She passed away during the caliphate of Sayyiduna Ali رضي الله عنه. Her funeral prayer was led by her nephew, Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas رضي الله عنه, and her other nephews lowered her into the grave.
Blessed children of the Holy Prophet ﷺ
Blessed children of the Holy Prophet ﷺ
Sons: 1. Sayyiduna Ibrahim رضی اللہ عنہ 2. Sayyiduna Qasim رضی اللہ عنہ 3. Sayyiduna Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہ Daughters: 1. Sayyidah Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا 2. Sayyidah Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا 3. Sayyidah Umm Kulthum رضی اللہ عنہا 4. Sayyidah Fatima al-Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Zaynab bint Muhammad رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا, the oldest daughter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was born ten years before the declaration of prophethood (when the Beloved Prophet ﷺ was 30 years old). • She was very respectful, dutiful, pure-natured, and patient towards her esteemed father. Sayyiduna Muneeb Azadi رضی اللہ عنہ, a companion of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, narrates: "Before accepting Islam, I saw the Holy Prophet ﷺ saying, 'O people, say لاالہ الا اللہ (there is no god but Allah) and be successful.' But the people's reaction was strange; instead of accepting his invitation, they started throwing dirt at him and making noises. This continued until noon; then a woman came and washed the blessed face of the Holy Prophet ﷺ. I asked the people, 'Who is she?' They told me, 'She is the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ daughter, Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا.'" • Before the declaration of prophethood, Sayyidatuna Khadija رضی اللہ عنہا requested the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to marry Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا to Sayyiduna Abu al Aas bin Rabee رضی اللہ عنہ, which he accepted. The Beloved Prophet ﷺ married his daughter Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا to Sayyiduna Abu al Aas رضی اللہ عنہ. • Sayyiduna Abu al Aas رضی اللہ عنہ was the son of Sayyidatuna Khadija's رضی اللہ عنہا sister and her nephew. She treated him like her own son. • In the early days of Islam, when the situation was very difficult and the disbelievers of Makkah were inflicting various kinds of hardships on the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for preaching Islam, they committed a very despicable act. They went to Sayyiduna Abu al Aas رضی اللہ عنہ and told him to divorce her (Beloved Prophet's ﷺ) daughter and marry any woman of your choice from the Quraysh. In those difficult circumstances, Sayyiduna Abu al Aas رضی اللہ عنہ, who had not yet accepted Islam, despite knowing the harm they could cause if he refused, replied: "By God, I will not divorce my wife. I do not like anyone else to be my wife besides Zainab, no matter how high her status in Quraish may be." In such difficult circumstances, he respected the relation of him being a son-in-law with the Beloved Prophet ﷺ and understood its importance. The Holy Prophet ﷺ thanked him and praised him for this act. • Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا migrated after the Battle of Badr. The situation was that Sayyiduna Abu al Aas رضی اللہ عنہ, her husband, had not yet accepted Islam and was fighting alongside the polytheists against the Muslims in the Battle of Badr. The Muslims were victorious in the Battle of Badr, and those of the disbelievers who were taken prisoner included Sayyiduna Abu al Aas رضی اللہ عنہ. The Holy Prophet ﷺ released him without any price as a favor and took a promise from him that he would go to Makkah and allow Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا to come to Madinah. Sayyiduna Abu al Aas رضی اللہ عنہ promised to do so and fulfilled his promise. Then, after some time, he himself embraced Islam. According to a narration in Ibn Majah, after he embraced Islam, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ remarried him to Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا. • When Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا was migrating from Makkah to Madinah, she was pregnant. The disbelievers stopped her on the way, and one of them struck her with a spear, causing her to fall to the ground, resulting in a miscarriage. When the Beloved Prophet ﷺ received this news, he was deeply saddened and said: ھِیَ اَفضَلُ بَنَاتِی اُصِیبَت فِیَّ "She is the best of my daughters because she faced such great hardship in the matter of emigration." • Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا had two children; a daughter named Sayyidatuna Imamah رضی اللہ عنہا and a son named Sayyiduna Ali رضی اللہ عنہ. (Their mention will come in the section on the Beloved Prophet’s ﷺ grandsons and granddaughters). • The pain that Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا suffered at the time of her migration remained with her for a long time, and it was due to this pain that she passed away. For this reason, the Companions used to call her a martyr. She passed away in 8 AH at the age of 31. • According to a narration in Muslim Sharif, Sayyidatuna Umm Atiyyah Ansariyah رضی اللہ عنہا, who was the woman who bathed the deceased, gave ghusl (bath) to Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا. She narrates that the Beloved Prophet ﷺ instructed them regarding Sayyiduna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا to give her ghusl three or five times, and when you give her ghusl for the fifth time, mix camphor in the water, and inform me after the ghusl. Sayyidatuna Umm Atiyyah رضی اللہ عنہا says that we did as instructed, and when we finished the fifth ghusl, we informed the Last Prophet of Allah ﷺ. The Last Prophet of Allah ﷺ gave us his Tahband (lower garment) and said, "Place it next to Zainab's body (i.e., under the shroud)." • The funeral prayer of Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا was led by the Beloved Prophet ﷺ himself, and he lowered her into the grave with his own hands. Her blessed grave is in Jannatul Baqee'.
Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah bint Muhammad رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا was the second daughter of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. She was born seven years before the declaration of prophethood, when the Holy Prophet ﷺ was 33 years old. • Ruqayyah means "one who ascends" or "progressive." She is known as "Sahibah al-Hijratain" (the one who made two migrations) because she migrated first to Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and then to Madinah for the sake of the religion. • Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا was first married to Utbah bin Abi Lahab, but she had not yet moved in with her husband. When the Beloved Prophet ﷺ declared his prophethood, Abu Lahab behaved very disrespectfully towards him. Allah revealed verses in the Quran criticizing him (Surah Al-Lahab). This further enraged Abu Lahab. He and his wife, Umm Jamil, who was also very rude, told their son Utbah that if he did not divorce Ruqayyah, they would disown him. Utbah divorced her before she moved in with him. • This despicable act of Abu Lahab greatly angered Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani رضی اللہ عنہ. Abu Lahab wanted to harm the Beloved Prophet ﷺ in this way, but Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani رضی اللہ عنہ sent a proposal of marriage for Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا, which the Beloved Prophet ﷺ accepted. Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا was married to Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani رضی اللہ عنہ. This action of Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani رضی اللہ عنہ caused great distress to the disbelievers of Quraysh. • The Holy Prophet ﷺ expressed great love for all his daughters. He also used to pay special attention to Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا, used to inquire about her well-being, and send her gifts. • In the fifth year of prophethood, in the month of Rajab, 11 men and 4 women migrated to Abyssinia. Among them, the first to migrate were Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani رضی اللہ عنہ and Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا. • Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا and Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani رضی اللہ عنہ made three migrations together: twice to Abyssinia and once to Madinah. When they migrated to Abyssinia for the first time, they returned to Makkah after some time. Then the Holy Prophet ﷺ ordered the Muslims to migrate to Abyssinia again, and they both obeyed this order and migrated to Abyssinia again. Before leaving, Sayyiduna Uthman رضی اللہ عنہ said to the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I could not be with you during the first migration, and now I am not fortunate enough to be with you in this one either." The Beloved Prophet ﷺ said, "O Uthman, you are migrating to Allah and His Messenger." After some time in Abyssinia on their second migration, they learned of the Prophet's ﷺ migration to Madinah. Subsequently, Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا and Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani رضی اللہ عنہ migrated from Abyssinia to Madinah. • On the 12th of Ramadan, 2 AH, when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was going for the great battle between truth and falsehood (Badr), his daughter Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا was very ill. The Last Prophet of Allah ﷺ asked Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani رضی اللہ عنہ to stay with her. The Battle of Badr took place on the 17th of Ramadan, and before the Holy Prophet ﷺ returned from Badr, on the 19th of Ramadan, he received the news that Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا had passed away. At the time of her passing, she was only 20 years old. She was buried in Jannatul Baqee'.
Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum رضی اللہ عنہا was the third daughter of the Prophet of Allah ﷺ. She was also born before the declaration of prophethood. The Last Prophet ﷺ himself named her Umm Kulthum. • She was first married to Utaybah, the younger son of Abu Lahab, but she had not yet moved in with her husband. The unfortunate Utaybah, influenced by his parents, divorced Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum رضی اللہ عنہا. • Utaybah not only divorced her but also behaved very disrespectfully towards the Prophet of Allah ﷺ. Upon this, the Last Prophet ﷺ made du’a against him. Utaybah himself knew that whatever Holy Prophet ﷺ said would come to pass. As per the Holy Prophet's ﷺ du’a, a beast attacked Utaybah and tore him apart in an instant. • See the Glory of Allah! One son of Abu Lahab, Utbah, also divorced the Last Prophet's ﷺ daughter under the influence of his parents, and so did Utaybah. But Utbah did not show any disrespect. Allah Almighty bestowed upon him the blessing of Islam on the day of victory (Makkah), and he attained the honor of being a companion. While Utaybah, who had been extremely rude, died in a state of disbelief, torn apart by a beast. • Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum's رضی اللہ عنہا migration took place seven years after the Holy Prophet's ﷺ migration to Madinah. The Last Prophet of Allah ﷺ sent Sayyiduna Zaid bin Harithah and Sayyiduna Abu Rafi' رضی اللہ عنہما to Makkah with five hundred dirhams and two camels, instructing them to bring his family to Madinah. These two gentlemen went, and along with them, Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum, Sayyidatuna Fatimah, Sayyidatuna Sawdah, Sayyidatuna Umm Ayman, and Sayyiduna Usama bin Zaid رضي الله عنهم migrated. • After the passing of Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا, Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani رضی اللہ عنہ was saddened because the relation of son-in-law that he shared with the Holy Prophet ﷺ had ended. The Holy Prophet ﷺ understood this and married him to Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum رضی اللہ عنہا. • Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum رضی اللہ عنہا passed away in the month of Sha'ban, 9 AH. The Last Prophet of Allah ﷺ led her funeral prayer. She was buried in Jannatul Baqee'. The Companions say that they saw the Beloved Prophet ﷺ near the grave during the burial, and tears were flowing from his eyes.
Sayyidatuna Fatima bint Muhammad رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Fatima-tuz-Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا is the youngest but most beloved and cherished daughter of the King of both worlds ﷺ. (1) Her name is "Fatima," and her titles are "Zahra" and "Batool." Sayyidatuna Fatima-tuz-Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا was born 5 years before the declaration of prophethood. • The Holy Prophet ﷺ said: اِنَّمَا سُمِّیَتْ فَاطِمَۃُ لِاَنَّ اللہَ فَطَمَھَا وَمُحِبِّیْھَا عَنِ النَّارِ "Indeed, she (meaning my daughter) was named Fatima because Allah Almighty has freed her and her lovers from the fire (of hell)." • Sayyidatuna Aisha رضی اللہ عنہا says that she has not seen anyone more similar to the Holy Prophet ﷺ in gait, appearance, and speech than Sayyidatuna Fatima رضی اللہ عنہا. When Sayyidatuna Fatima رضی اللہ عنہا would come to the Holy Prophet ﷺ, he would stand up to welcome her, take her hand, kiss it, and seat her in his place. • The beloved daughter of the Holy Prophet ﷺ, the lady of paradise, Sayyidatuna Fatima رضی اللہ عنہا, used to bake bread in the oven herself, sweep the house, and grind grain with a hand mill, which caused blisters on her hands, changed her complexion, and made her clothes dusty. Once, she went to the Holy Prophet ﷺ to ask for a servant, but she received the gift of the Tasbeeh of Fatima. Sayyiduna Abu Huraira رضی اللہ عنہ narrates that Sayyidatuna Fatima-tuz-Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا came to the Holy Prophet ﷺ and asked for a servant. The Holy Prophet ﷺ said: "You will not find a servant with us, but shall I not tell you something that is better than a servant? When you go to bed, recite Subhan Allah 33 times, Al-Hamdulillah 33 times, and Allahu Akbar 34 times." • It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Dharr رضی اللہ عنہ that once the Holy Prophet ﷺ came out in the winter while the leaves of the trees were falling. He grabbed two branches of a tree, and their leaves began to fall. He said: "O Abu Dharr!" I said: "At your service, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ!" He said: "Indeed, when a Muslim prays for the pleasure of Allah Almighty, his sins fall away like these leaves are falling from this tree." • Ameer-ul-Momineen Sayyiduna Ali al Murtaza رضی اللہ عنہ says that Sayyidatuna Fatima رضی اللہ عنہا used to recite the Holy Quran while cooking. When the Holy Prophet ﷺ would go for prayer and pass by Sayyidatuna Fatima's رضی اللہ عنہا house and hear the sound of the hand mill, he ﷺ would make du’a with great pain and love in the court of his Lord: "O Most Merciful of the Merciful! Grant Fatima the reward of asceticism and contentment, and grant her the strength to remain steadfast in the state of poverty." • Once, Sayyiduna Ali al-Murtaza رضی اللہ عنہ came to the Holy Prophet ﷺ to ask for the hand of Sayyidatuna Fatima al Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا in marriage. Upon hearing this, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ was very happy, and the nikah of the Lady of the Universe Sayyidatuna Fatima رضی اللہ عنہا with Sayyiduna Ali رضی اللہ عنہ took place. • Sayyiduna Ali al Murtaza رضی اللہ عنہ says: "One extremely cold and severe morning, the Messenger of God, Muhammad Mustafa ﷺ, came to us. He blessed us with du’a and then asked Sayyidatuna Fatima رضی اللہ عنہا in private: 'O my daughter! How did you find your husband?' She replied: 'He is the best husband.' Then the Holy Prophet ﷺ called Sayyiduna Ali رضی اللہ عنہ and said: 'Be gentle with your wife, for Fatima is a part of me. Whatever hurts her hurts me, and whatever makes her happy makes me happy. I entrust you both to Allah Almighty, and I entrust you both to His protection. He has removed impurity from you and purified you thoroughly.'" • Sayyiduna Ali al Murtaza رضی اللہ عنہ says: "By Allah Almighty! After this command of the Holy Prophet ﷺ, I never got angry with Fatima رضی اللہ عنہا, nor did I ever dislike her for anything, until Allah Almighty called her to Himself. She also never got angry with me, nor did she disobey me in anything. Whenever I looked at her, she seemed to take away my pain and sorrow." • Ameer-ul-Momineen Sayyiduna Ali al Murtaza رضی اللہ عنہ says: "Fatima-tuz-Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا had instructed at the time of her passing that when she passed away, she should be buried at night so that no outsider man's gaze would fall upon her funeral." • Six months after the Holy Prophet ﷺ veiled from this world, on the night of Tuesday, the 3rd of Ramadan, 11 Hijri, Sayyidah, Tayyibah, Tahirah Sayyidatuna Fatima-tuz-Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا passed away. Sayyiduna Ali al Murtaza or Sayyiduna Abbas رضی اللہ عنہما led the funeral prayer, and she was buried in Jannat al-Baqi. • Hafiz al-Hadith Hazrat Imam Abdur Rahman Jalal ud din Suyuti Shafi'i رحمۃ اللہ علیہ narrates from Ameer-ul-Momineen Sayyiduna Ali al-Murtaza رضی اللہ عنہ that the Holy Prophet ﷺ said: "When the Day of Judgment comes, a proclaimer will call out, 'O people! Lower your gaze so that Fatima bint Muhammad Mustafa ﷺ, may pass by the bridge of Sirat.'" • The virtues and blessings of Sayyidatuna Fatima-tuz-Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا are many. May Allah Almighty grant us the respect of all the daughters of the Holy Prophet ﷺ. Ameen.
Sayyiduna Qasim رضي الله عنه
The Noble Son of the Holy Prophet ﷺ, Sayyiduna Qasim رضي الله عنه, was born in Makkah Mukarramah. The kunyah of the Holy Prophet ﷺ, “Abul Qasim,” is attributed to him. According to the soundest opinion, he رضي الله عنه was the eldest among his siblings. Among the pure offspring of the Holy Prophet ﷺ, he was the first to depart from this world. According to the majority of scholars, he رضي الله عنه passed away before the declaration of Prophethood. It is narrated that Sayyidatuna Khadijah al-Kubra رضي الله عنها once said to the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, “If only his nursing period had been completed.” Upon this, the Holy Prophet ﷺ said, “Qasim’s nursing will be completed in Paradise.”
Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه
Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه was the youngest among the noble offspring of Umm ul-Mu'mineen, Sayyidatuna Khadijah al-Kubra رضي الله عنها. "Tayyib" and "Tahir" were both titles attributed to him. Sayyiduna Abdullah رضي الله عنه also passed away in childhood.
Sayyiduna Ibrahim رضي الله عنه
Sayyiduna Ibrahim رضي الله عنه was the youngest among the noble offspring of the Holy Prophet ﷺ. He was born near Madinah Munawwarah, at a place called Aliyah, in the month of Dhul-Hijjah in the 8th year after Hijrah. His mother was Sayyidatuna Mariyah Qibtiyah رضي الله عنها, who was a bondwoman of the Holy Prophet ﷺ. Sayyidatuna Mariyah Qibtiyahرضي الله عنها was gifted to the Holy Prophet ﷺ by the ruler of Egypt and Alexandria, Muqawqis. Although she was a bondwoman of the Holy Prophet ﷺ, the Beloved Prophet ﷺ still ensured she observed proper modesty (pardah). He ﷺ also provided her a house in Aliyah. She passed away in the 15th or 16th year after Hijrah. Sayyiduna Umar Farooq رضي الله عنه led her funeral prayer, and she was buried in Jannat al-Baqi. In a Hadith, the Holy Prophet ﷺ said: “Jibraeel gave me the glad tidings that a son will be born to me through Mariyah, who will resemble me the most among all creation, and I shall name him ‘Ibrahim’. Jibreel addressed me as ‘Abu Ibrahim’—the father of Ibrahim.” The glad tidings of Sayyiduna Ibrahim’s birth were first brought by Sayyiduna Abu Rafiʿ رضي الله عنه, who came from Aliyah. The Holy Prophet ﷺ gifted him a slave. On the seventh day after his birth, the Holy Prophet ﷺ sacrificed two rams for Sayyiduna Ibrahim's Aqeeqah, had his head shaved, and gave silver in charity equal to the weight of his hair. The Holy Prophet ﷺ would kiss Sayyiduna Ibrahim رضي الله عنه, and according to a narration in Sahih al-Bukhari, he ﷺ would also smell him lovingly. Sayyiduna Ibrahim رضي الله عنه lived for 17 or 18 months and passed away on Monday, the 11th of Rabiʿ al-Awwal, in the 10th year after Hijrah. His funeral was carried on a small cot, and the Holy Prophet ﷺ led his funeral prayer. Sayyiduna Fadl and Sayyiduna Usamah رضي الله عنهما lowered him into the grave while the Holy Prophet ﷺ stood by the edge of the grave. An Ansari Companion رضي الله عنه, at the Beloved Prophet’s ﷺ command, sprinkled water over the grave and marked it for identification. After the passing of Sayyiduna Ibrahim, the Holy Prophet ﷺ said: “Ibrahim, upon passing away, was taken straight to Paradise, and two hoors have been appointed to nurse him there.”
The grandsons and granddaughters of the Last Prophet of Allah ﷺ
Sayyidatuna Umamah رضی اللہ عنہا
Among the granddaughters of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, one blessed granddaughter is Sayyidatuna Umamah bint Abi al-Aas رضی اللہ عنہا, who is the daughter of the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ eldest daughter, Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا. • Sayyidatuna Umamah رضی اللہ عنہا is the Holy Prophet's ﷺ most beloved and eldest granddaughter. Her virtue is so beautiful: her father, Sayyiduna Abu al-Aas رضی اللہ عنہ, was a companion of the Holy Prophet ﷺ; her mother, Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا; her maternal grandfather, the leader of both worlds, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ; and her maternal grandmother, Sayyidatuna Khadija al-Kubra رضی اللہ عنہا. • The Last Prophet of Allah ﷺ loved Sayyidatuna Umamah رضی اللہ عنہا very much. It is narrated in Bukhari Sharif that Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah رضی اللہ عنہ said: "Once the Beloved Prophet ﷺ came, and Sayyidatuna Umamah رضی اللہ عنہا was riding on his shoulder. Then the Beloved Prophet ﷺ led the prayer, and when he went into Ruku', he would put her down, and when he came back to the standing position (Qiyam), he would pick her up again." (Bukhari Sharif, Hadith 5996) • Once, a very beautiful necklace was presented to the Beloved Prophet ﷺ. He said, "I will put this necklace around the neck of the one I love the most in my family." The women said that the Beloved Prophet ﷺ would give this necklace to Sayyidatuna Aisha Siddiqa رضی اللہ عنہا. But the Beloved Prophet ﷺ called for Sayyidatuna Umamah bint Abi al-Aas رضی اللہ عنہا and put the necklace around her neck with his own hands. (Musnad Abi Yala, Vol. 4, p. 86, Hadith: 4454)
Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi al-Aas رضی اللہ عنہ
Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi al-Aas رضی اللہ عنہ is the grandson of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ and the son of the Holy Prophet's ﷺ eldest daughter, Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا. • On the day of the conquest of Makkah, when the Beloved Prophet ﷺ entered Makkah as its conqueror, he had him (Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi al Aas رضی اللہ عنہ) ride with him on his mount. • He was close to the age of puberty when he fell ill. When his last breaths were near, Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا sent a message to the Beloved Prophet ﷺ, "My son is taking his last breaths, please come quickly." The Beloved Prophet ﷺ came, at that time Sayyiduna Ali bin Abi al-Aas رضی اللہ عنہ was breathing his last. The Beloved Prophet ﷺ took him in his arms, at that moment his (the Beloved Prophet's ﷺ) eyes were filled with tears.
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Uthman Ghani رضی اللہ عنہ
Sayyiduna Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہ is the second grandson of the Holy Prophet ﷺ. He is the son of Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا and Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani رضی اللہ عنہ. It is for this reason that Sayyiduna Uthman Ghani's رضی اللہ عنہ kunya is Abu Abdullah. In the year 4 Hijri, when Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Uthman رضی اللہ عنہ was 6 years old, a rooster pecked his eye, due to which he remained ill for some time and then passed away. At the time of his passing, the Holy Prophet ﷺ took him in his lap and said: "Indeed, Allah is Merciful to His merciful servants."
Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ
Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ is the second son of Sayyidatuna Fatima Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا and Sayyiduna Ali رضی اللہ عنہ. He was born on the 5th of Sha'ban, 4 Hijri in Madinah. • Hazrat Sayyidi Arif Billah Nooruddin Abdur Rahman Jami رحمۃ اللہ علیہ says in his book Shawahid al-Nabuwwah: "It is narrated that the gestation period of Imam Pak رضی اللہ عنہ was six months. No child with a six-month gestation period lived, except for Sayyiduna Yahya عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ and Imam Ali Maqam Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ." • His name is Hussain, his kunya is Abu Abdullah, and his titles are Sibt Rasul Allah and Raihanat Rasul. • One of the special virtues of Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ is that the Holy Prophet ﷺ sacrificed his beloved son Sayyiduna Ibrahim رضی اللہ عنہ for him. It is narrated that one day, the Holy Prophet ﷺ had Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ on his right knee and his son Sayyiduna Ibrahim رضی اللہ عنہ on his left knee. Sayyiduna Jibraeel عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ came and said: "Allah will not keep both of them with you (together). Choose one of them." The Holy Prophet ﷺ did not like to separate Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ. Three days later, Sayyiduna Ibrahim رضی اللہ عنہ passed away. After this incident, whenever the Prophet of Mercy ﷺ saw him (Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ), he ﷺ would kiss him, hug him, and say: فَدَيْتُ مَنْ فَدَيْتُهُ بِابْنِي اِبْرَاهِيمَ "I have sacrificed for him whom I have sacrificed my son Ibrahim for." • The news of the martyrdom of Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ had spread in his childhood. Once, Sayyiduna Jibraeel Amin عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ was present in the court of the Holy Prophet ﷺ when Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ also came and sat in his ﷺ blessed lap. Sayyiduna Jibreel Amin عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ said: "Your Ummah will martyr this son of yours." Jibreel Amin عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ also presented the soil of the place of martyrdom in the court of the Holy Prophet ﷺ. (Mu'jam Kabir, 3/108, Hadith: 2817) • The Prophet of the world ﷺ used to love Sayyiduna Imam Hasan and Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہما, the sons of Sayyiduna Ali Asadullah رضی اللہ عنہ, immensely. On one occasion, the Last Prophet ﷺ expressed his deep love for them and made their love the criterion of his love, and their enmity as his enmity. The Holy Prophet ﷺ said: مَنْ اَحَبَّھُمَا فَقَدْ اَحَبَّنِیْ وَمَنْ اَبْغَضَھُمَا فَقَدْ اَبْغَضَنِیْ "Whoever loves them, loves me, and whoever hates them, hates me." (Ibn Majah, Kitab al-Sunnah, Bab fi Fada'il Ashab Rasul Allah, 1/96, Hadith: 143) • The martyrdom of Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ gave new heights and eternal life to the religion of Islam. The martyrdom of Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ clarified the difference between truth and falsehood to the whole world. The martyrdom of Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ became an example for the lovers of God who are still fighting against falsehood in the deserts and wildernesses for the sake of upholding the word of truth. Even the palaces of falsehood tremble when the call of Hussain is heard from somewhere. The message of the martyrdom of Sayyiduna Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ is that if you want peace, crush falsehood. Fight against it instead of bowing down to it. Sacrifice your life and wealth for it. The incident of his martyrdom is very famous among the Muslims. When the people of faith read and listen to the incident of Karbala and see the patience and steadfastness of Sayyiduna Imam Hussain رضی اللہ عنہ, they get more enthusiasm and courage to remain steadfast on the religion.
Sayyiduna Imam Mohsin رضی اللہ عنہ
Sayyiduna Imam Mohsin رضی اللہ عنہ passed away in his childhood, which is why there is hardly any mention of him in the books of Seerah (biography).
Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah رضی اللہ عنہا
Sayyidatuna Ruqayyah Bint Ali رضی اللہ عنہا also passed away in her childhood, which is why there is not much mention of her in the books of Seerah.
Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا
• Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا is the eldest daughter of Sayyidatuna Fatima Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا. Her kunya was Umm Hassan, and after the incident of Karbala, her kunyah "Umm al-Masaib" became famous. • Sayyiduna Ali al Murtaza رضی اللہ عنہ married his beloved daughter Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا to Sayyiduna Abdullah رضی اللہ عنہ, the son of Sayyiduna Ja'far رضی اللہ عنہ. • Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا had four sons and one daughter. The names of her sons are: (1) Sayyiduna Ali (2) Sayyiduna Aun Akbar (3) Sayyiduna Abbas (4) Sayyiduna Muhammad رضي الله عنهم, and the name of her daughter was "Umm Kulthum".
Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum رضی اللہ عنہا
• The youngest daughter of the Lady of Paradise (Sayyidatuna Fatima Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا), Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum رضی اللہ عنہا, resembled her elder sister Sayyidatuna Zainab رضی اللہ عنہا. • She was married to Sayyiduna Umar Farooq Azam رضی اللہ عنہ, who gave her 40,000 dirhams as Mahr. • After the passing of Sayyiduna Umar Farooq Azam رضی اللہ عنہ, she رضی اللہ عنہا married Sayyiduna Aun bin Ja'far رضی اللہ عنہ, and after the passing of Sayyiduna Aun bin Ja'far رضی اللہ عنہ, she married his brother Sayyiduna Muhammad bin Ja'far رضی اللہ عنہ, and after the passing of Sayyiduna Muhammad bin Ja'far رضی اللہ عنہ, she married his brother Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Ja'far رضی اللہ عنہ. • Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum رضی اللہ عنہا passed away while married to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Ja'far رضی اللہ عنہ. Sayyidatuna Umm Kulthum رضی اللہ عنہا and her son Sayyiduna Zaid bin Umar رضی اللہ عنہ passed away at the same time.
Sayyiduna Imam Hasan رضی اللہ عنہ
Sayyiduna Imam Hasan Mujtaba رضی اللہ عنہ is the son of Sayyidatuna Fatima Zahra رضی اللہ عنہا and Sayyiduna Ali رضی اللہ عنہ. He was born on the 15th of Ramadan, 3 Hijri in Madinah. His name is Hasan, his kunya is Abu Muhammad, and his titles are Sibt Rasul Allah and Raihanat Rasul. The Holy Prophet ﷺ recited the Adhan in his ear and performed Tahneek (rubbing date palm in the mouth) with his blessed saliva. On his Aqeeqah, the Holy Prophet ﷺ sacrificed two lambs. The Holy Prophet ﷺ had immense love for him. The Holy Prophet ﷺ used to take him in his arms or carry him on his blessed shoulders and take him out of the house. He ﷺ would be restless at the slightest discomfort to him. He ﷺ would go to Sayyidatuna Fatima's رضی اللہ عنہا house to see him and love him. He رضی اللہ عنہ was also very close to his beloved grandfather, the Holy Prophet ﷺ. He would ride on his blessed back during prayers and sometimes play with his blessed beard, but the Beloved Prophet ﷺ never scolded him. Once, someone saw him رضی اللہ عنہ riding on the Holy Prophet's ﷺ shoulder and said: "Young man, what a good ride you have!" The Holy Prophet ﷺ said: "And what a good rider he is!" He رضی اللہ عنہ was martyred in Madinah on the 5th of Rabi' al-Awwal, 49 Hijri due to someone poisoning him. There is also a saying that it was in 50 Hijri.
In laws of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ
The father-in-law of the Holy Prophet ﷺ
The mention of the Holy Prophet’s ﷺ father-in-law is as follows.
Sons-in-law of the Beloved Prophet ﷺ
The mention of the Holy Prophet’s ﷺ sons-in-law is as follows.